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Substitute for Parmesan

What it does in a recipe: The salty, crystalline aging cheese for pasta and risotto.

3 substitutes, ranked by what's already in your pantry. Amounts are dataset values — US and metric where a ratio exists.

Pecorino Romano

per 1 oz Parmesan

US1 oz, grated
Metric28 g, grated
CommonBaking-safe ✓Alcohol-freeEgg-freeFish-freeGluten-freeNut-freePeanut-freeShellfish-freeSoy-freeContains dairy

Sharper and saltier — use less added salt.

What changes: Sharper, saltier

Grana Padano

per 1 oz Parmesan

US1 oz, grated
Metric28 g
CommonBaking-safe ✓Alcohol-freeEgg-freeFish-freeGluten-freeNut-freePeanut-freeShellfish-freeSoy-freeContains dairy

Milder and slightly sweeter.

What changes: Milder

Nutritional yeast (vegan)

per 1 oz Parmesan

US2 Tbsp + a pinch of salt
Metric10 g + 1 g salt
CommonBaking-safe ✓Alcohol-freeDairy-freeEgg-freeFish-freeGluten-freeNut-freePeanut-freeShellfish-freeSoy-freeVegan

Nutty umami without salt — season to taste.

What changes: Nutty, not salty

Related swaps

Common questions

What can I use instead of Parmesan?
Pecorino Romano: 1 oz, grated. Grana Padano: 1 oz, grated.
What is the exact ratio to substitute Parmesan?
Pecorino Romano (per 1 oz Parmesan) — US: 1 oz, grated. Metric: 28 g, grated.
What changes when you substitute Parmesan?
Sharper, saltier. Milder.

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